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E 0035 ANGUISH
The word " anguish " is , via
Old French , of Latin origin .
H 0168 ע
ק
ה
; א
ק
ע
Concept of root : anguish,
narrowness
Hebrew word
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pronunciation
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English meanings
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ה ק ע ;
א ק ע
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‛aqà ;
‛aq'à
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anguish,
narrowness;
distress, pressure
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Related English words
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anguish
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Comparison between European words and
Hebrew
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Languages
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Words
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Pronunciation
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English meanings
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Similarity in roots
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Hebrew
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ה ק ע
-
א ק ע
-
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‛aqà
-
‛aq'à
-
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anguish, narrowness; distress, pressure
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‛a q .
-
‛a q '(a)
-
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Greek
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αγχω
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ankho
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to squeeze, tighten,
soffocate
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a gkh
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Latin
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ango
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ango
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to squeeze, tighten,
anguish
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a ng
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Old English
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enge
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narrow; anxious
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e ng
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English
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anguish
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anguish
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a ng
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German
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eng
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èng
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narrow
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e ng
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Dutch
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eng
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èng
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narrow, creepy
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e ng
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Proto-Semitic *‛AQA --- *ANG- Indo-European
The Indo-European words have been nasalized, that is an "N" has been introduced before the K-like sounds, in this case a "G". In Greek in pronunciation, but not yet in writing, in Latin also in writing: " ango " and "angustia", from which English "anguish " has come, via Old French "anguisse ".
Note:
- Hebrew in the Bible has the abovementioned noun. In modern language the message has become that of "misery", a development comparable to what we find in modern Italian in the derived word "angustia".
Note:
- Proto-Semitic Hebrew has a root " Ayin W Q" with the same message . The Hebrew root with Aleph as third consonant is found as such also in Aramaic *ע
ק
א Ayin Q Aleph" . and Syriac *ע
ק
א Ayin Q Aleph" .
Proto-Semitic has certainly used one or more of the three roots of this entry, probably in the older forms: " *ע
ו
ק Ayin Waw Q " .
*ע
ק
א Ayin Q Aleph" and " *ע
ק
ה Ayin Q Hé" , in which we use the letter "Hé" to indicate an accentuated vowel after the second consonant. Arabic has a verb with the root "Ayin Q ", meaning " to hinder, impede" which may be related.
Note:
- Proto-Germanic It must be noted that the root "vowel(E) + N + G "in the words "eng = narrow" also in Germanic languages has also been used to express, in the form "Vowel(A) + N + G" the concept of fear : "angst". The word "angst" is now used also in English as a loanword from Yiddish. Old English used the same word "enge" for the literal as well as for the figurative concepts, as shown in the Table. In Old Norse a vowel "O" or "Ø" was present but in later Nordic it was , again , "A", sometimes as "Ä", which sounds like "E".
There can be little doubt that Proto-Germanic already diversified into "*E N G-" for the concept of "narrowness" and "*A N G -" for the concepts of "fear, anguish".
Note:
- Indo-European. We refer to our note in entry E 0036 (Hebrew 0640)
Celtic presents both nasalized and not nasalized roots, among which an unexplained Irish "ochte = angustia". But the supposed Celtic root for the concept of "narrow, to narrow" is "*engh-". This finds some support in Breton "enk = narrow" and Cymric "ing, yng = straits, narrow". Celtic probably had indeed "E NG-.
Old Indian has "amhu- = narrow", "amhú- = anxiety", ""amhurá- = straitened" and "ámhas- = anxiety, trouble". The European "N" has become an "M" and the European "G/K" an "H". The root is "A MH-" and can not be considered at the origin of the other groups.
Avestan has "az-anhē = to constrain, coerce" as well as other words without the "N", as "azah- = oppression, constriction". The element "A NH- without the initial (prefix ) "AZ" seems to be related to the other Indo-European groups.
Indo-European , on the basis of Latin, Greek, Germanic, Celtic and the indications from the Eastern languages, can be hypothesized as "*A NG-".
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Created: Tuesday 6 November 2007 at 22.30.54 Updated: 22/12/2012 at 16.30.26 |
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