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E 0435 HEARTH, CARBON, CREMATE
The word " hearth " is of Germanic origin .
The words " carbon "and " cremate " are of Latin origin .
H 0524 ר י
כ , ר
ו
כ
Concept of root :
to heat, burn
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Hebrew word
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pronunciation
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English meanings
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ר י כ
,ר ו כ
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kur, kir
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kiln,
stove
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Related English words
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hearth,
carbon, cremate
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Comparison between European words and
Hebrew
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Languages
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Words
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Pronunciation
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English meanings
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Similarity in roots
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Hebrew
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ר י כ
,ר ו כ
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kur,
kir
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kiln, stove
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k . r
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Indo-European
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*ker
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ker
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heat, fire
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k . r
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Latin
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carbo;
cremare
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carbo;
cremare
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charcoal;
to burn (down)
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c . r b
c . r m
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Old Saxon
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herth
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hearth
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h . rth
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Old English
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heorð
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heorð
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h . rð
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Old High German
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herd
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herd
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hearth
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h . rd
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Middle Dutch
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heert, hert, haert
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hērt, hèrt , hārt
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hearth;
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h . rt
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English
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hearth; carbon ;
to cremate
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hearth; carbon ;
to cremate
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h . rth; c . r b ;
c r . m
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Proto-Semitic *KŪR --- *KĒR- Indo-European
Here we begin to talk about a supposed word, because the Indo-European language is all hypothetical. Therefore we better have a look at what this supposition is based upon. First we must see that there are more or less 5 hypothetical Indo-European roots "*ker", with different meanings, and about 9 that add to "*ker" a further consonant. Of the five, one is about horns, one sounds, one growth, one injuries and one, interesting for this entry, that should indicate heat or fire.
English words that are supposed developments of this root are "hearth", "carbon", "cremate" and "ceramic". The last one we can rightaway exclude, because it comes from Greek "κεραμος , keramos", and this word has nothing to do with fire, but with clay, the material from which ceramics were made then and are made now.
The second one, "carbon", comes from Latin, that has "carbo, gen. carbonis" for "charcoal". It is quite possible that this word has been developed out of a concept of "heating without burning down".
Number three, "cremate", comes from Latin as well, and the word is "cremare," for "to burn", in the sense of "to burn wholly", the lot of the fuel for a "kiln" or stove.
Remains "hearth", that has its sisters in German "Herd", Dutch "haard" . An Indo-European root may produce a K-sound in one and an H-sound in another tongue. This means that "hearth" and our two Latin words can be strictly related.
Note:
- Proto-Semitic. This root is present in Aramaic and Syriac . Arabic has "kūr" and Ethiopian "kawer". This shows clearly the adventurous life of the letter "waw", or as we rather should say, of the sound "W" in language, that can become a vowel, as here in Arabic "kūr" or remain a consonant as here in Ethiopian "kawer", requiring a couple of vowels for pronunciation. Akkadian shows, in "kūru" and "kīru", like Hebrew, two versions of which the one with "I" is newer. The root with "waw" was probably present in Proto-Semitic : "*כ ו ר , K W R". In our comparison we indicate a vowel " Ū "
Note:
- Proto-Germanic. It is useful to take into consideration a few Germanic words that do not mean "hearth", but have related meanings. They are Gothic "hauri = carbon" an Old Norse "hyrr = fire". Just like the words for "hearth" they begin with a consonant "H" and have an "R" after the central vowel. But they do not add a dental, which indicates that this dental was used to shape a noun for the object or thing in which the material that should burn or burned (carbon) or the result of this (fire) was contained or present.
Regarding the vowel, we see as so often Middle Dutch with various versions. Comparing those with modern Dutch haard" and dialectal "heerd", the older form seems to be "heerd", in which the double "E" would be pronounced as in German "Herd". The spelling with "T" reflected the pronunciation of a final "D" in Dutch". The Old English "Ð" and English "TH" are natural developments out of "D". Proto-Germanic probably had , with a long vowel "E" "*H Ē RD-".
Note:
- Indo-European and Hebrew. In both we may find, on the basis of one root, words with a K-sound at the beginning and others with an H-sound or GH-sound. In this entry we look specifically at the message of "heating place, hearth". One may suppose that the Germanic dental, basically "D", after the "R" has been added in that group. That means that Indo-European may have had "KH Ē R-" or "K Ē R-" for "fireplace" in various practical forms. Forms with initial "K" . R" and vowel "A", "U" or "E" may have indicated phenomena of "burning" and "heat" as well as related materials.
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| Created: Tuesday 6 November 2007 at 22.30.54 Updated: 02/11/2012 at 18.20.29 |
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