E 0562          MANIAN, MONITION

The Old English word " manian " is of Germanic origin.

The word " monition " is, via Old French, of Latin origin .

H 0591         ע נ מ

Concept of root : dissuasion

Hebrew word

pronunciation

English meanings

ע נ מ

man‛à

to dissuade

Related English words

monition; Old English : manian

Comparison between European words and Hebrew

Languages

Words

Pronunciation

English meanings

Similarity in roots

Hebrew

ע נ מ

man‛à

to dissuade

m . n .

Latin

monere

monére

to remind,

to warn;

to exhort

m (o) n

Old English

manian

to warn,

to exhort

m . n

English

monition

monition

m (o) n

German

mahnen

manen

to warn;

to exhort

m . n

Dutch

manen

manen

to warn;

to exhort

m . n

Middle Dutch

manen;

vermanen;

monen, vermonen

manen;

vermanen; monen, vermonen

to remind;

to warn;

to exhort

-

m . n;

m (o) n

 

 

Proto-Semitic *MAN‛À --- *MŌN Indo-European

 

 

The basic difference between the words in this table is that the Hebrew verb speaks of dissuading words or actions, whereas the Indo-European roots deal with both persuasion and dissuasion, by words.
They are considered causative verbs with the root "*men", expressing the concept of human thought (English "mind"). That would mean they "make think (of something)". This kind of difference does not at all dissuade from the supposition of a common origin.

 

 

Note:
  • Hebrew. This verb is also translated as "to refuse, deprive of, withhold from". The letter "ע , ayin" represents an extension of an earlier root that was just "M . N". This is demonstrated by the existence of another verb, in which the same root has been made longer by inserting an "א, aleph". This verb is " מ א ן , mi’èn" saying "to refuse (to do something)". This verb is an intensive form of a disappeared "*ma’an" that may have meant "to refuse" or another meaning related to "not doing what should not be done".

 

Note:
  • Proto-Semitic. This root is found in Aramaic " מ נ ע , men‛ = to keep back, withhold". Arabic "mana‛a" says "he held back". This root may well have been used in Proto-Semitic : "* מ נ ע , M N Ayin".

 

Note:
  • Greek, that also has various words on the basis of a hypothetical old root "*men", that should be seen as "M . N", uses it in "μιμνήσκω , mimnèsko = to remind", but not to express concepts of persuasion or dissuasion. This "mimnèsko" is a complicated structure beginning with a doubled M and having an infix "SK" that emphasizes or initializes the action. But in the middle we see our familiar "M . N" of English "mind" and we know that thinking and knowing come into the picture.

 

Note:
  • Latin like Middle Dutch, has in its range of meanings also that of "to remind", not linked to trying to convince somebody to do or not do something. Besides "monére" it has "admonére", but the prefix has not significantly changed the message of the verb.

 

Note:
  • English participated in this game with Old English "manian", but today has only composite words of Latin origin, such as "admonition".

 

Note:
  • Germanic. The modern Germanic verbs of this entry are used both to express : "telling, warning not to do something, to dissuade" as well as "telling, pushing to do something, to persuade". In Dutch a composite verb "vermanen" is nearer to the action of dissuading, the composite verb "aanmanen" to that of persuading. In German composite verbs this distinction is not seen. Middle Dutch instead is nearer to Latin "monere", especially in the practical use of the composite verb "vermonen". We see once more Dutch nearer to the origin, this time nearer to the European sister Latin.

 

Note:
  • Proto-Germanic. The Germanic languages mostly have "M A N" as can be seen in Old Saxon "manon", Old High German "manen, manon" and Old English "manian" but there is also a variation "M O N" in Old English "monian" besides "manian" , like Old Frisian with "monia". As so often, Middle Dutch had both versions : "(ver)manen" and "(ver(monen)". It is possible that the vowel "A" is a later development, already present in Proto-Germanic that then had both"*M Ā: N-" and the older "*M Ō N-" .

 

Note:
  • Indo-European . It is quite possible that the words of this entry, with the two-consonant combination "M N", are related to other words with that same combination, but different meanings, such as "to think, believe, intend" etcetera. But the available specific information for the meanings "to dissuade, warn, exhort" seems to be limited to Latin and Germanic. The probable older form was : "*M Ō N-".

 

 

 

 
Created: Tuesday 6 November 2007 at 22.30.54 Updated: 08/11/2012 at 9.52.24