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E 0164 CHEST
The word " chest " is of Germanic origin .
H 0782 ש ש ק
Concept of root : storing
and store-space
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Hebrew word
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pronunciation
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English meanings
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ש ש ק
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qashash;
, qoshèsh
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to
collect;
collecting
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Related English words
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chest
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Comparison between European words and
Hebrew
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Languages
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Words
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Pronunciation
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English meanings
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Similarity in roots
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Hebrew
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ש ש ק
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qashash;
qoshèsh
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to collect;
collecting
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q . sh . sh <
* q .
sh
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Greek
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κιστη;
κοιτίς
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kistè;
koitìs
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box, basket
; small box,
-basket
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k . s t ;
k . (y) t
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Latin
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cista
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kista
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chest, closet;
basket
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c . s t
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English
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chest
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chest
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ch . s t
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Middle Dutch
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caste;
casse;
kiste
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caste;
casse;
kiste
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granary, storehouse;
chest;
closet, chest
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c . s t ;
c . s ;
k .
s t
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Dutch
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kast;
kist
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kast
;
kist
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closet ;
chest
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k . s t
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German
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Kasten
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kasten
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closet, chest
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k . s t
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Norwegian
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kott;
kasse, kiste
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kot;
kasse,
kiste
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closet;
chest
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k . t ;
k . s t
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Proto-Semitic *QASHASH < *QOSH, *QASH --- *KŎST-, *KĬST Indo-European
The Hebrew word expresses the actions of collecting and of harvesting. The Germanic words indicate the protected places where the collected or harvested objects or stocks are kept under protection. But in some cases they still mean also the collected stock as such. In Rhinelandic, a Low German dialect, the word "kaste" says both "chest for grain" and " the sheafs of corn on a field" And Old Norse "kostr" stands for "pile of wood, woodstack", but also in general "available to choose from". With that we have found a link for a common origin .
The "collecting" and "harvesting" of Hebrew "qashash" , "qoshèsh" and "qishèsh", can have as their objects all kind of goods, amongst which "grain" and "wood" that tally with the Germanic examples we just gave.
As the counterpart of the standard and intensive forms of this Hebrew verb, "qashash" , "qoshèsh and qishèsh we find in Germanic languages also three different choices of vowels : "kast" , "kost" and "kist". And some relatives we can discover as well in the Classic languages Greek and Latin.
Note:
- English. English usage to indicate the thing that in America is called a closet, is complicated. We see "cupboard, wardrobe, book-case, linen-cupboard(!) , cabinet". The other thing, a chest, can also be called a case or box. This word "chest" is anyhow at home in this entry.
Note:
- Latin. We have not mentioned the very common and important word "cassa" in Italian, that has it sisters in many European tongues: French caisse, Spanish caxa, German Kasse etcetera. These words are descendents from Latin "capsa", that is of different origin, related to the verb "capere = to take".
Note:
- Proto-Semitic. A root "Q SH SH", developed out of an earlier "Q SH", is found with two groups of meanings. One is that of "growing old, drying, withering", the other that of "to collect, gather", seen in this entry.
The root of this entry is seen in Syriac " ק ש , Q SH" = he collected, gathered" and Arabic "qashsha" with the same meaning. " It may have been in use in Proto-Semitic in the original two consonant form "*ק ש , Q SH " and as well already the lengthened three consonant root "ק ש ש , Q SH SH". For the comparison we present the use of a vowel " O " as frequently seen in two consonant roots, though also "*QASH" is possible.
Note:
- Proto-Germanic.
In older languages one finds the following groups: 1. With "Ă" Old High German "kasto, chasto", Middle High German "kaste", Middle Low German "kast, kaste, kasse", Middle Dutch "caste, casse". The versions "kasse" without "T" in Middle Low German and "casse" in Middle Dutch are considered to have been developed out of "kaste, caste" through influence of Neo-Latin words like French "caisse", older "casse". In the process the meanings were expanded. Interesting is that the older meanings like "grain chest" were present in Swiss German "kasten", Rhineland German "kaste" and Middle Dutch "caste". Proto-Germanic probably had "K Ă ST-". There is no reason to presume that the Germanic words would have been loaned from Latin that had loaned from Greek. See the relative words in the table.
2. With "Ĭ" we see Old Norse "kista", Old High German "kista", Old English "cist, cest", Old Frisian "kiste", Middle Low German "kiste, keste" and Middle Dutch "kiste". Proto-Germanic probably also had "K Ĭ ST" .
3. Words with "Ŏ" have meanings nearer to the origin of "collecting " as seen in Old Norse "kostr" = "available to choose from". Proto-Germanic may have had also this form : "*K Ŏ ST-".
Note:
- Indo-European.The comparison between Greek, Latin and Germanic indicates that Indo-European probably was near to Proto-Germanic. We hypothesize use of the vowels " O " and " I " in "*K Ŏ ST-" and "*K Ĭ ST-"
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| Created: Tuesday 6 November 2007 at 22.30.54 Updated: 23/11/2012 at 16.51.34 |
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