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E 0781 SECURE, SURE
The words " secure "and " sure ( via Old French)" are of Latin origin
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The Old English word " sicor " is of Germanic origin .
H 0851 ר כ
ס
Concept of root : sealed
closure
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Hebrew word
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pronunciation
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English meanings
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ר כ ס
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sikkèr
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to be
sealed, secured
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Related English words
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secure,
sure, from Latin
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Comparison between European words and
Hebrew
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Languages
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Words
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Pronunciation
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English meanings
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Similarity in roots
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Hebrew
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ר כ ס
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sikkèr
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to be sealed, secured
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s . k . r
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Latin
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securus
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securus
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secure
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s . c . r
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Old English
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sicor
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secure
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s . c . r
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English
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secure,
sure
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secure, sure
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s . c . r ;
s . r
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German
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sicher
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zikher
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secure
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s . k . r
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Hebrew SIKKÈR < Proto-Semitic *SAKAR --- *SĪKŪR - Indo-European
Both Latin and Hebrew , as well as Germanic, here carry the same message and use the same root.
Note:
- Latin "securus" is also used to express the situation of him who can live free from, out of , danger and fear. The word has nothing to do with another "securis" that is an axe, nor with "secus" that stand for "otherwise" or "according to". "Securus" stands on its own, and is not a participle of any verb. The root is simply identical to that of the Hebrew verb, or rather has remained identical since the time when their common origin was alive.
Notwithstanding its isolated position in Latin, the word "securus" has gone on to live in many modern languages.
Note:
- Latin. The usual opinion is that the word " securus " is composed of " se-" (without ) and "
cura " ( care, cure ) . There seems to be hardly any corroborating material for this generally
accepted idea available in Latin and we think it has to be discarded courageously in view of
the obvious similarity with the Hebrew root.
Note:
- Proto-Germanic. Again a general opinion is that the Germanic words, like Old English
" sicor " have been loaned from Latin in a " very early stage ". This is the consequence of an
existing habit : if Germanic and Latin words look alike, the immediate supposition seems to be that the first have been derived from the
latter.
But it is an accepted fact that the two groups are of common origin, and it is hard to
explain why "securus" should have become "sicor" in Old Saxon and Old English,
" sichor" or typically "sihhur" in Old High German and "zeeker" in Middle Dutch,
besides Danish "sikker" and Swedish "säker ". Usually Latin words are changed less when
loaned into Germanic . Proto-Germanic probably had "*S Ī K Ĕ R-" or "*S Ē K Ĕ R-".
Note:
- Proto-Semitic. This root is found in Aramaic and Syriac "ס כ ר , sekhar = he shut, closed, dammed" and in Arabic "sakara" with the same meanings. Akkadian "sikēru = to shut, close, dam" with "sikkuru = bolt" . This root was probably present in Proto-Semitic: "*ס כ ר , S K R".
Note:
- Indo-European. Latin "securus" and Proto-Germanic "*S Ī K Ĕ R-" or "*S Ī K Ĕ R-", encourage a hypothesis of "*S Ī K Ū R-", though also a first vowel " Ē" is possible.
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| Created: Tuesday 6 November 2007 at 22.30.54 Updated: 02/01/2013 at 10.32.56 |
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