|
E 0800 (TO) SHAVE
The verbs " to shave " and
Old English " scafan " are of Germanic origin
H 0928 ה פ
ש
Concept of root : scraping smooth
|
Hebrew word
|
pronunciation
|
English meanings
|
|
ה פ ש
|
shaphà
|
to levigate, scrape, smoothe
|
|
|
|
Related English words
|
to
shave, Old English scafan
|
|
|
Comparison between European words and
Hebrew
|
Languages
|
Words
|
Pronunciation
|
English meanings
|
Similarity in roots
|
|
Hebrew
|
ה פ ש
|
shaphà
|
to levigate,
scrape, smoothe
|
sh . ph .
|
|
Old English
|
scafan
|
|
to scrape, shave, polish
|
sc . f
|
|
English
|
to shave
|
|
to shave
|
sh . v
|
|
German
|
schaben
|
shaben
|
to scrape
|
sh . b
|
|
Dutch
|
schaven
|
sghaven
|
to scrape, levigate
|
sch . v
|
|
Old Norse
|
scrafa
|
scrafa
|
to scrape, polish
|
sk r . f
|
Proto-Semitic *SHAP(H)À --- *SKĀB/V- Proto-Germanic < *SKĀB- Indo-European
Among the various modern languages from Europe only Dutch has maintained the more complete meaning that is present in Hebrew, accentuating the "levigating" result on the surface that is being "scraped " .
English has shown a tendency to specialize the use of " to shave " for some particular meanings, the first of which the shaving of beards .
Note:
- Proto-Semitic . This root in seen in Aramaic and Syriac "ש פ א, sheph'à = he smoothed, planed". Arabic "safā = it smoothed", which is also said of the wind in the sandy desert. It was probably used in Proto-Semitic : "*ש פ ה , SH P Hé (accentuated vowel)".
We see the pronunciation of the second consonant " P " as " PH = F " in all three mentioned languages and have no specific information about the anyhow probably original use as " P "., that is anyhow found in Hebrew verbal forms. In the comparison we consider the possibility that a development from " P " to " PH = F " had begun in Proto-Semitic.
Note:
- Proto-Germanic . The initial consonant "SH", as in the Hebrew letter "shin" of the word "shaphà" of this entry, in English is spelled "SH" in "shave" and in German "SCH" in "schaben". In the Nordic languages the sound is "SK" and in Dutch "SGH" (spelled "SCH") after Middle Dutch "SC" in "scaven". The following vowel is "A" in older and newer tongues. The second consonant is often "V", that corresponds with the "B" in Gothic "skaban" as well as in German "schaben" and its predecessors. In Old Norse "skafa" and Old English we find a consonant "F", as in Hebrew, where the "P" between the vowels is pronounced as "PH = F". Proto-Germanic probably had "SK A V/B-", though it is possible that a form "*SK A PH-" co-existed with that, but then disappeared with the arrival of the newer languages.
Note:
- Indo-European.
Latin has the verb "scabo, scabi, scabere =to scratch, rub, graze". It is certainly related to the Germanic words, though the specific meaning found in some of "to levigate" is not testified.
Slavic in Old Church Slavonic has "skoblj" and in Old Russian "skobli" , both for "plane-iron". Russian then gives "скоВлить, skoblitj = to scrape, plane, shave". Slavic uses a vowel " O " and has added a consonant " L " , maintaining the same basic messages.
Baltic in Lithuanian "skobti = to shave" has not added such a consonant, but uses the vowel " O ".
Considering the use of the different vowel as a Balto-Slavic development, a hypothesis of Indo-European "*SK Ā B-" seems reasonable.
|
|
|
| Created: Tuesday 6 November 2007 at 22.30.54 Updated: 07/02/2013 at 10.56.28 |
|