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E 0639 ORDER
The word "order" is, via Old French , of Latin origin
H 0116 ר ד ע
Concept of root : order
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Hebrew word
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pronunciation
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English meanings
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ר ד ע ;
ר ד ע ו
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‛adar ;
‛oder
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to be in order
being in order
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Related English words
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order
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Comparison between European words and
Hebrew
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Languages
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Words
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Pronunciation
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English meanings
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Similarity in roots
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Hebrew
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ר ד ע
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ר ד ע ו
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‛adar;
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‛oder
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to be in order;
being in order, arranged in rank and file
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‛(a) d . r
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‛(o) d . r
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Greek
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ορδινος
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ordinos
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right address, rank, file
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o r d
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Latin
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ordo, gen. ordinis
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ordo,
ordinis
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order, rank
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o r d
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English
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order
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order
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o r d
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Proto-Semitic *‛ADAR *‛ODER --- *RAD-, ORD- Indo-European
This Hebrew word is Biblical only. Probably the word "‘eder" for herd , in the entry number E 0445 (Hebrew 0117), is related to order and shows that the animals are sufficiently domesticated to be kept in some order as represented by a herd of cattle . It is useful to read the comments in that entry. Certainly related is entry E 0640 ( Hebrew 0847) the comments of which it is useful to compare.
Note:
- Hebrew has another, much used word for " order ", that is "
ס
ד
ר , seder "See entry E 0640 ( Hebrew 0847). This is important, because it shows that in Hebrew an S-sound may correspond with an Ayin, the interruption of the flow of sound that is strengthened by a prepared but non-pronounced, often NG-like sound.
One may wonder if in these cases the Ayin originally was a different sound-stop. But is possible that we have here a case in which Hebrew has changed an initial "S" into an initial"Ayin".
This leads to a comparison of a development in Greek, where an S often has become an H, that then later has disappeared. In fact we will see that Hebrew words with an Ayin,
ע , sometimes have a European sister that has an H in the same position.
Note:
- Proto-Semitic. The same root with the same meaning is present in Phoenician "ע ד ר ", as well as in Aramaic "ע ד ר א, edĕrą". Probably Proto-Semitic already used the same root "*ע ד ר, Ayin D R".
The predecessor of both "ע ד ר, Ayin D R" and "ס ד ר, S D R" , that is "* ד ר, D R", was certainly used in Proto-Semitic.
Note
- Indo-European. The Greek word has been loaned from Latin. But there is some more information available.
Proto-Germanic. Norwegian "rad = file, series, rank" has a predecessor "rod" in old Norse, with the same meaning. And in Middle Low German there is a sisterword "rat" with the same message. It is possible that Proto-Germanic had a form "*R A D-" .
Slavic. Russian has "ряд, rjad = file, rank, range". Sisterwords are present in other Slavic languages and Slavic may have had a "*R O D" or "*R A D-".
Then we see in entry E 0640 ( Hebrew 0847) different Russian words for the related concept of "order", present in Latin "ordo".
Indo-European probably used the two consonant combination "R . D" in "*R A D-" for "file, rank" etc.and perhaps already as well a version with an opening vowel (possibly created through a metathesis between " R " and " O "), serving a more developed concept of "order", as seen in Latin: "*O R D-".
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| Created: Tuesday 6 November 2007 at 22.30.54 Updated: 27/11/2012 at 16.49.19 |
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