E 0640          ORDER

The word " order " is, via Old French, of Latin origin .

H 0847             ר ד ס

Concept of root : order

;

Hebrew word

pronunciation

English meanings

ר ד ס

ר ד ס

ר ד ע

seder

sadar

‛adar

order;

to put in order, arrange;

to be in order, arranged

Related English words

order

Comparison between European words and Hebrew

Languages

Words

Pronunciation

English meanings

Similarity in roots

Hebrew

     ר ד ס;

     ר ד ס;

-

-

     ר ד ע

-

-

seder;

sadar;

-

-

‛adar

-

-

order ;

to put in order, arrange;

to be in order, arranged

s . d . r ;

s . d . r ;

-

-

‛ . d . r

-

-

Russian

череда;

здоров;

-

-

строй

-

čereda;

zdorow;

-

-

stroy

-

order;

order  (health, action);

order (of troops)

č . r . d ;

z d . r ;

-

-

c t r .

-

Latin

ordo, gen. ordinis

ordo,

ordinis

order

(‘)o r d . (n)

French

ordre

ordre

order

(‘)o r d r

English

order

order

(‘)o r d . r

German

Ordnung

ordnung

order

(‘)o r d n

 

 

Proto-Semitic *SADAR < *DOR --- *RAD-, *ORD- Indo-European

 

 

This entry is strictly related to E 0639 (Hebrew 0116), of which the comments may be read in comparison.

 

The roots carrying the message of "order" have not behaved too orderly. The meaning of these key-words is identical, but the similarity in sound is limited. If we want to suppose a common origin, we must also make a hypothesis of a metathesis (changing of place) between the R and the D. As is known, " R " and " L " are consonants with a frequent tendency to metathesis with some other consonants, as for example " B " and " D ".

 

And besides this, an opening S is present in Hebrew, that lacks the opening vowel "O" of Latin and its followers . Russian is nearer to Hebrew in this case.

 

 

Note:
  • Hebrew. There are indications that this S is not fundamental, but that the message of "line and order" is already carried by the combination of the dental, D or T(H), and the R. And also that an initial vowel as well as the O-sound present in "order" is not absent from the elaboration of our concepts in Hebrew.

     


    We quote :
    1. ט ו ר thor file
    2. א ד ר adar ruling (power)
    3. א ת ר atar, ittèr defined place, localize
    4. ב ר ת barat to make agreement
    5. ד ר ך darakh (right) behaviour
    6. ע ד ר ‛adar to be in order, rank
    7. ע ט ר ‛athar to surround, crown
    8. ר ד ה radà to dominate
    9. ר ת ק rataq to join together

     

    Perhaps the clearest indication out of this picture is that of the verb "ע ד ר , ‛adar" for "to be in order", to demonstrate that the combination of D and R carries the meaning of order. The alternation of the sequence between "R- Dental" and "Dental –R" can convince us that also between "order" and "seder" o "‛adar" , such a metathesis has occurred along the roads of linguistic developments.

     

    We still have to remark that Hebrew uses also the other letter that sounds like English "S", the "Sin", for this same concept, as in the word " ש ד ר ה , sedérà = file ".

 

Note:
  • Proto-Semitic This root is present in Aramaic and Syriac "ס ד ר , sedar =he put in order, arranged". Akkadian "sadāru = to arrange, put in order" and Arabic "sarada" with a metathesis in respect to the other languages, means "he placed one after the other". It was probably in use in Proto-Semitic "*ס ד ר , S D R".

     

    The information in the Note on Hebrew indicates that an older two consonant root may have been in use in older languages, i.e. in Proto-Semitic : "* ד ר , D R". This may have been pronounced with a vowel " O ". This is hypothesized in the comparison.

 

Note:
  • Latin "ordo" is at the basis of French and English, with that particular phenomenon of the repeating the R : ORD > ORDR ! Often it is thought that this word comes from the Latin verb "ordior", that means "To warp a tissue". Secondly the idea is then that the warping of a tissue on a weaving-loom is at the basis of "ordo" and thus of "order".

     

    We think it obvious that things are the other way about. The word for "order" was very necessary in the oldest communities, even before people began to weave. It is quite natural to use an existing root for "order" to indicate the typically orderly action of setting up things for weaving. Besides in Latin we have the verb "ordinare" for "to put in order, arrange, rule, file".

 

Note:
  • German with the verb "ordnen = to put in order" and the nouns "Orden = rule, rank" and "Ordnung = order", has maintained the N of the Latin word "ordo, gen. ordinis" that French and English do not have in the noun, though French has the verb "ordonner".

 

Note:
  • Russian gives an extremely interesting contribution to the formation of idea’s about the common origin of European languages and Hebrew. We see three different words for three kinds of order. Two of them have the sequence of Hebrew "seder" and one that or Latin "ordo". This is sufficient to leave no doubt about the kinship we suppose .

 

Note:
  • Indo-European The presence of two versions of a two-consonant combination in Russian, a "D R" ( and a similar "T R" ) comparable to Hebrew, and a "R D" similar to Latin, complicates the picture. As stated in Entry E 0639 (Hebrew 0116) : " Indo-European probably used the two consonant combination "R . D" in "*R A D-" for "file, rank" etc.and perhaps already as well a version with an opening vowel, serving a more developed concept of "order", as seen in Latin: "*O R D-"." But to this must be added that a version with "R D" may have existed as well. This then was an old version, similar to Semitic, and it lived on to lead to the Russian words with "R D" in them.

 

 

 

 
"...the town, to which was given the name Babel, because it was there that the Lord confused the language of all the world on the face of which He dispersed them. GENESIS 11,9"
 
Created: Tuesday 6 November 2007 at 22.30.54 Updated: 27/11/2012 at 17.05.53