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E 0582 MID
The Old English word "mid" is of Germanic origin .
H 0145 ם
ע
Concept of root : with
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Hebrew word
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pronunciation
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English meanings
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ם ע
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‛im
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with
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Related English words
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Old English mid
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Comparison between European words and
Hebrew
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Languages
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Words
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Pronunciation
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English meanings
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Similarity in roots
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Hebrew
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ם ע
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‛im
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with
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‛i m
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Greek
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μετα
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meta
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with, among, after
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m t
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Old English
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mid
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with
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m d
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German
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mit
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mit
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with
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m t
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Dutch
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met;
mede
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met;mede
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with
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m t
m d
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Swedish
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med
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med
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with
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m d
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Proto-Semitic *‛IM --- *M Ĕ T, MĪT Indo-European
The first remark in this case of similarity is that the basic meaning-carrying consonant " M ", in Hebrew is preceded and in Greek and Germanic is followed by the vowel. The vowel is a normal necessity for pronunciation of the consonant. Semitic languages more often begin with the vowel than European languages do. Sometimes the vowel precedes also in the last groups, as seen in words related to this same Hebrew word " ‛ im ", in entry E 1025 (Hebrew 0144), as well in entries E 0026 (Hebrew 0140) and E 0456 (Hebrew 0143).
Besides this, the European languages all have added a dental, be it T or D, but that kind of development is also seen in Hebrew in entry E 0583 (Hebrew 0146).
Note:
- Proto-Semitic. Proto-Semitic has used this same brief two consonant root ( Ayin M ), found in various Semitic tongues, but we cannot define the vowel, that may have been an "A" or an " I ", just as we see in Indo European languages . The root was anyway "*ע
ם, Ayin . M".
- Proto-Germanic. All languages have an initial consonant "M", followed by a vowel "I" or "E" an after that vowel either a consonant "T" or a "D". The consonant "D" seems to be the older version. The "T" appears in Old High German (mit(i)) and this may considered a typical High German development. But also Middle Dutch has "met" besides an obviously older "med" that has later disappeared. Old Saxon shows "mid, med, mith", Old English "mid", also "mið" and Gothic "miþ" . In Old Norse we see "með. and the consonant "D" reigns in the North. Proto-Germanic probably did not have "* M I T- >" but "*M I D-" and perhaps used as well "*M E D".
- Indo-European. An existing hypothesis is "*meta", identical to Greek, but this cannot be given for very certain. The final " A " is not part of the root and may not have been present in Indo-European, that probably had a form "*M I T-" or "*M È T-"
Avestan "mat = with"
Old Indian "smat = together" is not sufficiently similar in meaning, though it may have been developed out of an earlier "*mat- = with".
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| Created: Tuesday 6 November 2007 at 22.30.54 Updated: 01/10/2012 at 13.34.59 |
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