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E 0583 MID
The Old English word "mid" is of Germanic origin
H 0146 ד מ ע
Concept of root : with
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Hebrew word
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pronunciation
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English meanings
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ד מ ע
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‛immad
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with
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Related English words
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Old English : mid
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Comparison between European words and
Hebrew
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Languages
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Words
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Pronunciation
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English meanings
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Similarity in roots
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Hebrew
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ד מ ע
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immad
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with
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‛i m d
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Greek
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μέta
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mé
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with
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m .t
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Old English
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mid
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mid
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with
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m d
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Dutch
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met
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met
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with
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m t
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German
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mit
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mit
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with
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m t
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Swedish
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med
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méd
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with
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m d
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Hebrew *‛IMMAD --- *MIT, MÈT Indo-European
This entry has to be read together with number E 0582 (Hebrew 0145). Usually, like here, Indo-European tongues place the vowel necessary for shaping a word with a basic consonant, after that consonant. And usually Hebrew starts out by placing that vowel in front of the consonant. So it did here, but now also after it. On top of that, it concluded with a dental, like the one we find in the Germanic languages.
Note:
- Hebrew. Some scholars relate this word " 'immad " to the root "Ayin M D ", that says " to stand. remain, appear ". It would then be a verbal form with the meaning of " position ". But the verbal form based on the root " to stand ", does not have a double M , nor a vowel " I " or a vowel " A " . It is " ‛ omed " . And the meaning of a word " ‛ immad " composed of a word for " position" and the suffix " I ", would be " my position". This has very little to do with the concept " with ".
So really our word remains an extension of " ‛im " into "‛immad " with the adding of a dental "D " that happens to be found also in various Germanic languages.
Note:
- Proto-Semitic. There is little evidence that can justify a hypothesis different from Hebrew. Arabic "- 'inda = at, near, by " is said to be formed after "‛imda, that means " in the position of " and gives us no solution. We can not define when and in which language the final consonant "D", present in Biblical Hebrew, has been added to the original root.
- Proto-Germanic. All languages have an initial consonant "M", followed by a vowel "I" or "E" an after that vowel either a consonant "T" or a "D". The consonant "D" seems to be the older version. The "T" appears in Old High German (mit(i)) and this may considered a typical High German development. But also Middle Dutch has "met" besides an obviously older "med" that has later disappeared. Old Saxon"mid, med, mith", Old English "mid", also "mið" and Gothic "miþ" . In Old Norse we see "með. and the consonant "D" reigns in the North. Proto-Germanic probably did not have "* M I T- >" but "*M I D-" and perhaps used as well "*M È D".
- Indo-European. An existing hypothesis is "*meta", identical to Greek, but this cannot be given for very certain. The final " A " is not part of the root and may not have been present in Indo-European, that probably had a form "*M I T-" or "*M È T-"
Avestan "mat = with"
Old Indian "smat = together" is not sufficiently similar in meaning, though it may have been developed out of an earlier "*mat- = with".
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| Created: Tuesday 6 November 2007 at 22.30.54 Updated: 01/10/2012 at 13.52.26 |
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