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E 0067 B A R
The word " bar " is of
Germanic origin .
H 0268 ח ר ב
Concept of root : to bolt, a
bolt
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Hebrew word
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pronunciation
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English meanings
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ח ר ב
ח ר י ב
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baragh ;
beriagh
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to bolt
to freedom;
bar, barrier
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Related English words
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bar
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Comparison between European words and
Hebrew
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Languages
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Words
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Pronunciation
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English meanings
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Similarity in roots
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Hebrew
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ח ר ב
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ח ר י ב
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baragh;
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beriagh
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to flee, bolt to freedom;
bar, barrier
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b r gh
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English
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bar
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crossbeam
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b r
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Middle Dutch
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baer, bare
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baar, bare
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bar, barrier, crossbeam
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b . r (.)
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Proto-Semitic *BARAGH --- *BAR Indo-European
Some consider this English word "bar "as coming from Old French "barre", that then should have it from Vulgar Latin, but further of unknown source. Late ( vulgar ) Latin has many words of non-Latin origin. In fact Italian scholars who have their words "Barra" and "sbarra" , say that Late Latin " barra " comes from Celtic. But the presence of the same word in Middle Dutch makes a Germanic origin more probable .
The Hebrew root has a particular thing in common , not so much with the related Germanic word "bar", but with that other English word: "bolt". Both indicated the means of preventing that someone flees , but also the succesfull fleeing itself.
The difference remains that Hebrew has a third consonant " GH " that is not found in the Indo-European languages. This has to be explained by a need for diversification, because Semitic had and predecessors may have had as well, very many words with totally different meanings, but all with a two-consonant root "B . R". In this respect it is important to see Entry E 0866 "spring" (Hebrew 0269). There we see the same three consonant root "B R GH" with Indo-European cognates that already have a third consonant " G ".
Note:
- Proto-Semitic. The root is seen in Ugaritic "baragh = to flee" and in Arabic "barigha = he fled" . It may well have been present as such in Proto-Semitic : "* ב ר ח".
Note:
- Proto-Germanic . German "Barre = bar" has its predecessors with the same root. It is also found in Old Dutch "bare". The "bar" can be either of wood, as a stretcher used to be, or of metal as a "barrier". The same root is found in Old Saxon and Old High German "bara", as well as in Old English "bær". We remark that these words are not related to the verb "to bear", that has a fortuitous partial similarirty with the words for "bar". Proto-Germanic probably had "B A R-".
Note:
- Indo-European . It has been tried to link "bar" to Latin "forus = row of seats, gangway", but the semantic relation lacks. There is no evidence that "forus" also may have meant "bar, board".
In Slavic we have Russian "з а б о р, zabor = partition, enclosure of boards" , that points to a possible Slavic "*б о р ь , borj or B O RJ-" . There is another Russian group of words, that should be related. "б р е в н о, brewnó = beam, balk". Here the initial "B" has been repeated, becoming "W" in the process. Further the "O" has become a short "E". "NO" is a suffix", as can be seen from the other words of the group that have other suffixes.
For Indo-European the information is not wide but deep towards an original "*B A R-".
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| Created: Tuesday 6 November 2007 at 22.30.54 Updated: 23/12/2012 at 16.41.03 |
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