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E 0866 (TO) SPRING
The word " to spring " is of
Germanic origin .
H 0269 ח ר ב
Concept of root : sudden
freeing move
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Hebrew word
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pronunciation
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English meanings
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ח ר ב
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baragh
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to
flee, break out
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Related English words
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to
spring
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Comparison between European words and
Hebrew
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Languages
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Words
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Pronunciation
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English meanings
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Similarity in roots
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Hebrew
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ח ר ב
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baragh
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to flee, break out
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b r gh
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Old Norse
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sproga, springa
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sproga, springa
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to jump, run
burst
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sp r ng
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Old High German
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springan
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springan
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to break out,
jump up
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sp r g, sp r ng
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German
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springen
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springen
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to jump; explode
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sp r ng
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English
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to spring
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to spring; to spring a
lock
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sp r ng
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Proto-Semitic *BARAGH --- *S-PRÈG- Indo-European
This Hebrew root should be the same we have dealt with in entry number E 0067 (Hebrew 0268), but seen in a different aspect. The essential message is that of a sudden move, that leads to or expresses freedom.
Note:
- Proto-Semitic This root is seen in Ugaritic "baragh = to flee" and in Arabic "barigha = he fled" . It may well have been present as such in Proto-Semitic : "* ב ר ח".
Note:
- Germanic and Hebrew. In this case Old High German is nearest to Hebrew in its meaning . We have mentioned English and modern German as they contribute to a more complete picture. The initial S of the Germanic words is more often used , and easily appears in roots that stands for action. The other difference , between “GH” and “NG” is explained by the difference in reaction to a possible G at the end of a word. Hebrew likes to aspire this G, making a GH out of it. Germanic prefers to nasalize it, creating NG. But the origin remains identical. In the case of Old Norse in this entry we recognize still the not yet nasalized root, besides the newer one with "NG".
Note:
- Proto-Germanic . The Germanic verb "springen", also "springan, springe, springa" has many meanings, that can be considered related amongst each other : "to run, jump, burst" and also has a causative version "sprengen" etc.. The "SPR" and the "NG" are present in most older and newer languages and so is the vowel "I", but in some verbal forms and nouns we encounter "O" or "U", sometimes "Y". Interesting for the understanding of the basic meaning of this root is the English word "spring" of water. It thus indicated an action that has or has had a rather sudden start and then may continue according to the circumstances.
Proto-Germanic presumably had "*SP R I NG-", but also still "*SP R O G-".
Very important though is that in Old Norse we find the verb "sproga" for "to jump, run". This verb in modern Norwegian has not fully disappeared, but is still present with the meaning "to hop".
Note:
- Indo-European. There is a hypothesis of "*spergh-" for "to spring" and related meanings . We should like to amend this into "*S P R È G-", with perhaps as well an older version without the initial " S ", that can have had an older vowel " O ": "*P R Ò G-"
Old Indian "sprrháyati to be eager, long for" may also refer to freedom and the wish to flee, but is not specific enough to be taken into consideration.
Greek "σπερχω, sperkho" is considered related, with meanings of "to move fast, rush, make a jump-start". It is uncertain if this verb can be related to a hypothetical root "*SPER-", but we believe that anyhow for this specific meaning the final "KH" is part of the root.
Slavic has a hypothesis of "*prego; progj", with a Russian "прыгать, prŭgatj = to jump, spring, leap, start, bound". There is no initial " S " found in Slavic here.
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| Created: Tuesday 6 November 2007 at 22.30.54 Updated: 23/12/2012 at 16.43.43 |
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